TOEFL Essential Vocabulary & Idioms (Starter)
문제와 해설
Q1. What does 'exacerbate' mean?
to solve a problem / to lessen a problem / to allow a problem / to make a problem worse
'Exacerbate' means to make a situation or problem worse. For example, ignoring the issues can exacerbate the conflict between students.
Q2. What does 'mitigate' mean?
to increase a risk / to investigate a problem / to emphasize a concern / to make a situation less severe
'Mitigate' refers to making something less severe or serious. A university might implement policies to mitigate the effects of stress on students.
Q3. What does 'assert' mean?
to ignore a statement / to deny a fact / to question a belief / to state confidently
'Assert' means to state something confidently and forcefully. A professor may assert the importance of research in their lecture.
Q4. What does 'amend' mean?
to approve a rule / to make changes to a text or law / to propose a theory / to ignore a law
'Amend' means to make changes to a document, law or rule, usually to correct or improve it. For instance, the student council voted to amend its rules.
Q5. What does 'convey' mean?
to communicate an idea / to hide information / to confuse a topic / to summarize a text
'Convey' means to communicate or make something known. A speaker aims to convey their message clearly to the audience.
Q6. What does 'substantial' mean?
difficult to handle / minimal in size / great in amount or degree / of little importance
'Substantial' refers to something that is large or significant in amount. The funding received for research was substantial, allowing for more extensive studies.
Q7. What does 'marginal' mean?
highly effective / small and not very important / very important / extremely valuable
'Marginal' indicates that something is not significant or is only slightly relevant. The changes made to the project were marginal and did not affect the outcome.
Q8. What does 'preliminary' mean?
detailed and specific / initial or introductory / complex and challenging / final and conclusive
'Preliminary' refers to something that comes before the main event or stage. The preliminary results of the study were promising, prompting further investigation.
Q9. What does 'incremental' mean?
changing at random / increasing in small steps / staying exactly the same / happening all at once
'Incremental' describes something that increases or develops in small steps. For example, the professor described incremental improvements in student performance over the semester.
Q10. What does 'widespread' mean?
affecting a large area or group / only seen in academic contexts / common only in a few places / limited to a small area
'Widespread' means affecting a large area or group, indicating that something is commonly encountered. The study revealed widespread support for the new policy among students.
Q11. What does 'subsequent' mean?
happening at the same time / occurring before something else / not related to prior events / occurring later or after
'Subsequent' refers to something that occurs later or after another event. The professor noted that subsequent findings confirmed the initial results.
Q12. What does 'prevalent' mean?
not very common / common or widespread / only present in theory / limited to specific cases
'Prevalent' means widespread or commonly occurring in a particular area or among a group. The lecture discussed prevalent trends in modern technology among students.
Q13. What does 'hypothesis' mean?
a final conclusion / a proven fact / a proposed explanation to be tested / a detailed theory
A 'hypothesis' is an educated guess or proposed explanation that can be tested. In the lab, students formulated a hypothesis before conducting their experiments.
Q14. What does 'evidence' mean?
facts that support a claim / a type of theory / a guess or opinion / an unverified claim
'Evidence' refers to supporting information that helps to prove or disprove a claim. The researcher presented evidence to back up her argument during the presentation.
Q15. What does 'variable' mean?
a fixed element / a changing factor / an irrelevant detail / a constant value
A 'variable' is a factor that can change or vary in an experiment. In her research, she identified several variables that could affect the results.
exam 더 보기 · 전체 퀴즈 · Nyangly 홈